Sigmund Freud

Psychology's most famous figure is also one of the most influential and controversial thinkers of the twentieth century. Sigmund Freud's work and theories helped shape our views of childhood, personality, memory, sexuality and therapy. Other major thinkers have contributed work that grew out of Freud's legacy, while others developed new theories out of opposition to his ideas.

In 2001, Time Magazine referred to Freud as one of the most important thinkers of the last century. A 2006 Newsweek article called him "history's most debunked doctor." While his theories have been the subject of considerable controversy and debate, his impact on psychology, therapy, and culture is undeniable. As W.H. Auden wrote in his 1973 poem, In Memory of Sigmund Freud,

"if often he was wrong and, at times, absurd,
to us he is no more a person
now but a whole climate of opinion."

Freud's Life:

Our exploration of his legacy begins with a look at his life and time. Learn more about his life in this brief biography and timeline of his life, discover some of his most famous quotations or take an in-depth photo tour of his life from birth to death.

• Sigmund Freud Biography
• Sigmund Freud Timeline
• Sigmund Freud Photobiography
• Sigmund Freud Quotations
• 10 Interesting Facts About Freud

Freud's Major Theories:

Freud's theories were enormously influential, but subject to considerable criticism both now and during his own life. However, his ideas have become interwoven into the fabric of our culture, with terms such as "Freudian slip," "repression" and "denial" appearing regularly in everyday language.

• The Conscious and Unconscious Mind
• The Id, Ego, and Superego
• Life and Death Instincts
• Psychosexual Development
• Defense Mechanisms
• What Is a Freudian Slip?

Freud and Psychoanalysis:

His ideas had such a strong impact on psychology that an entire school of thought emerged from his work. While it was eventually replaced by the rise of behaviorism, psychoanalysis had a lasting impact on both psychology and psychotherapy.

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